ضمان الجودة لأجهزة التشخيص الاشعاعي في المستشفيات

Abstract

Using an accurate protocols from different associations, organizations, and committees (such as the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), the American College of Medical Physics (ACPM), the American College of Nuclear Medicine (ACNM)… etc). Professionally made tools (such as the RaySafe and Fluke Biomedical) and phantoms (such as Pro-Digi phantom, Pro-fluo phantom, CT Dose phantom, CT ACR 464, Mammo 156 Phantom) are required to measure physical parameters of the machines accurately. These parameters include: kilovoltage peak (kVp) - exposure time accuracy and reproducibility - Mill-Ampere Second (mAs) linearity - half value layer (HVL) - typical entrance skin exposure rate (ESER) - collimator leakage - alignment light accuracy - image quality - CT number accuracy - CT number uniformity - slice thickness - low contrast resolution - high contrast resolution - radiation dosimetry - Automatic exposure control (AEC) thickness tracking -detector uniformity - Automatic exposure control (AEC) reproducibility - image quality -contrast noise ratio (CNR) - average glandular dose (AGD). Quality Control (QC) tests were performed in five local hospitals in Makkah city and all Image quality results for all modalities were within the accepted tolerance level. AGD of mammography, the effective dose of CT and typical patient entrance skin exposure rates of both fluoroscopy and C-arm were within the tolerance. Time accuracy in the ordinary X-ray for small focal spot size was -5.85% outside the limit and Mammography kVp accuracy maximum value also was 5.6% outside the limit for small focal spot size. Automatic exposure control (AEC) reproducibility Coefficient of variation (COV) results for mammography was 0.103 where the tolerance is COV < 0.05 and results were outside that.